Improvement in permutation-looks



D. K. MILLER, or READING, PENNSYLVANIA.

Laim Patent No. 78,310, ma May 26, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN I PERMUTATION-LOGKS.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, D. K. MILLER, of Reading,'l3erks county,Pennsylvania, have invented an Improved Permutation-Lock; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionofthe same.

My invention consists of a cheap, simple, and secure permutation-lock,constructed and operating in thev peculiar manner fully describedl1ereafter, the lock 'being not only applicable to safes, but, owing toits cheap ness, is an economical substitute for 'the` less secure drawerand cupboard-locksof ordinary construction.l

In order to enable others skilled in the art to make and use myinvention, I will now proceed to describe its construction andoperation, reference being 'had to the accompanying drawing, which formsa part of this specification, and in rn'hich- I Figure 1 is a sectionalview of my improved permutation-lock.

Figure 2 the same, showing the parts in a diiierent position.

Figure 3, a sectional view, showing the several parts ofthe lockdetached or partly detached from each other.

Figure 4, a transverse section, on4 the line 1 2', iig-l.

Figure 5, a perspective view ofV a portion of the look.

yFigure 6, a deachedview of part of the same.; and

Figure ,7, a modification ofv my invention, drawn toa reduced scale.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout thersevernl views.

' To the rear of theezrse A of the lock is secured a plate, B, the frontof the case being recessed, as shown at a', for the reeeptionlof part ofthe knob C, to which' the lock-spindleD is secured, the latter passingthrough, and being arranged to slide longitudinally to a limited extentin the tubular projection .7; of the case, and being` maintained in theposition shownin fig. I, by a spring,s, bearingv against its inner end.

To the inner endet-the' spindle D is screwed a,disk,E,la portion of oneedge of which is cut away, as shown iniig. 5, so as to forma shoulder,c, andl projection p, for a purpose described hereafter. and in thefront face of the said disk is a circular groove, d, from which projectsa pin, d', iig. 3.

Three disks FF, and F2, are arranged`to turn loosely uponthevprojecticna stationary washer, e, int-era vening between the adjacent disks, andbetu'een'lthe disks F. and E, so that the latter or any one ot' thedisks may he turned. independently of the`others. v

A pin,f, which extends through, and projects on each side of the disk F,enters the groove d of the plate E, the opposite end of the pin enteringa similar groove, g, in the disk F, the latter having a'pin, g', one endof which dts in a'lgroove, h, in the disk F2, which has also a pin.

On theedge of each of the'disks F, F1, and F2, is formed a groove forthe 'reception of a split ring, t', of stout round wire, or of othersuitable material, the latter being arranged to gripe the disks tightly,but so that a space, j, (tig. 6,) intcrvenes between the opposite endsof the said ring.

I prefer to make this' ring t' of stoel wire, or of some material harderthan the disks to which it is fitted, and its opposite endsare'serratedas shown in iig. 6, so that the said ring shall 'gripe thedisk, rand turn upon the same. j

In the upper portion of'the'look-case A, and ,directly over the disks,is an opening, c, for the reception of a tumbler, G, which has on itsunder side two projections u' at', a recess, g, and a tongue, Z, thelatter tting into the recess m of the cap-plate B, for the purpose ofguiding the said tumbler.

When the several parts of the lock are in the position shown in figs. 1and 4, the. projection 'a of this tum-V bler rests upon the portionpof.the disk E, and the upper end of the tumbler projects above thelock-case. When, however, the several parts of the lock have been movedto the position shown in fig. 2, the tumbler enters the spacej, betiveenthe opposite ends of each of the split rings z', and the projectionp ofthe disk E enters the recess q of the tumbler, sosthat thc'latter fallsuntil its upper end-is ush with the upper surface of the locka case,(see figs. 2 and 5.)

The red lines X, iig's. land 2, represent a portion of the door of asafe in which thelock-case A is secured;

`s0 that the latter and thehandle are free to move, and may be turned inany direction until the disks are cansl a bolt, Y, :being arranged toslide witlhinthe said'door, and upon the upper portion of the lock-case,asi'shown in fig. 4. l

This bolt is operated by any ordinary mechanism, but cannotbe drawn backwhen locked, until the tumbler G, against which its rear end bears,isdepressed, as clearly shown in iig. and the tumbler can only bedepressed when the several parts'oi' the llock are brought to theposition' lshown in {ig..f?, which is done by operating the, handle C inthe following manner f. I

The spring s, (iigfL) has a tendency to force the handle back,asslioiv'n, and to bring the disk E in close proximity tothe disk F. Thehandle is turned in either directiomiuntil the pin d ofthe disk E,strikes thc pinf of the disk F, the latter then revolving withthc diskE. The handle C is still turned in the same direction, until all` ofthedisks F, F1, and F2, are caused to revolve, and the motion of thehandle islcontinued until the spacej of the third disk F2 hasbeenbrought directly beneath the opening /cof the lock-case, as shown iniig. 2, and which is indicated to the'operator bv a determined number onthe handle -C coming lopposite to a. ixedpoint in front of the lock. I

The motion of -thehandle is then reversed, and the disks E,F,.and F-,are turned in the opposite direction, until the space yl of .the latterdisk has also been brought beneath theopening c,and in line-with thespace j'of the disk F2, which is in like manner indicated tothe operatorby one of the numbers "on thehandle coming 'opposite to acertainjixedpoint. I

The motion of the -handle'is again reversed, and the disk F is`turneduntilits spacej is'inthe same position, in respect to the opening t, asthe spacesj of theformer disks. K

All that now romains to be done is to push the handle C inwards, andthen to turn it in either direction,` until the projectionpand shoulderc of the plate E are directly beneath the tumbler, when the latter willfall into the spaces j of the disks, the projection p will enter therecess g of the tumbler, and the projection n of the latter paus to oneside of the plate E, as clearly shown in iig's. 2 and 5. f-

After thus removing the obstructing tumbler, the bolt Y of the safe maybe drawn back.

When the parts are in the position shotvn in tigri, the projection n ofthe tumbler resting on the portion p of the disk E, prevents the saidtumbler from descending to'snch a point as to interfere with thefroe'movements of the disks F, so that it will be impossible for n.person unacquainted with the proper numbers te deter mine the positionsofthe recesses 7' of the said disks; thus the picking ofthe lock isei'fectually prevented.

When the parts are in the position shown in hg. 2, the spring s iscompressed, and the disk E cannotbe moved toward the disks F, in orderto operate'them, until the tumbler is' raised and its projection nremoved from the path of the said disk E.

When the safe is bo1ted,.and itis desired to elevate the tumbler toitsposition behind the bolt, thehandle must be turned in either direction,until the tumbler-israised clear of'the disksF, by the cam-like shouldere oi' the disk E, (iig. 5.) The projection' n of the tumbler' is thusraised from contact with the side ofthe disk E,

ed to revolve, afterwhich itvill be impossible for'the tumbler toagaindescend unf-i1 the disks have been carefu ly turned, as beforedescribed. v l

The modification shown in iig. 7 shows a. simple method of applying myimproved lock to a door. In this instance, the lock-case is enclosedentirely' ivithin the door, the lock-spindle being lengthened so as toextend through the front portion of the door, anden the latter issecured a ring or flanged-plate, z, in which is'formed the recess d' forthe reception of part of the knob, and on which is marked the fixedpoint to which the numbers are to be turned. t

T he size or form of the tumbler G may be modiiied, if necessary,without departing from my invention, and the number of the disks F maybe increased or diminished, if desired.

The above lock can be applied not only to safe-doors, but can be usedfor any purpose to. which ordinary locks are applied, and it isespecially applicable as a drawer-lock, the tumbler G being in the"latter case used independently as a bolt, and in some cases the tumbler,especially when used horizontally, may be actuated byl a spring. I

The lock 1s simple in its details, is not liable to get out of order,and can onlybe operated by a person perfectly acquainted with the numberor series of numbers that form a key tothe positions of the disks, andthis number or combination of numbers may readily bechanged from'time totime, by properly adjusting the rings z'of the several disks so as tobring their spaces j to other positions in4 respect t'o'thepins by whichthe disks are turned.

I do not claim broadly the notched disks F in combination with a plate,adapted to the notches in the disk, and so operated and arrangedA as toretain and release a bolt; neither do I claim broadly a split ring,-arranged upon thevedge of a disk F but I claim as my invention, anddesire to secure by- Letters Patentv Il. The disk E with-its projectionp and shoulder, c, and secured to a shaft, D, in combination with disksF, or their equivalents, and with a tumbler, Gr, having arecess and aprojection adapted to the projection and recess of the disk ll, thewhole being constructed and arranged within a casing, A, and operatingsubstantially as and for the purpose described. y A

2. The serrations or teeth upon the ends of the split ring z', forthe'purpose described.

In testimony whereof, I have signed myname to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

\ D. K. MILLER.

Witnesses:

JOHN WHITE, C'. B. Paros.

